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VENOGRAPHY

Venography can be defined as venous angiography. Venography can be applied in most parts of the body, but is most commonly used to visualize the veins of the legs. In classical leg venography, a vein is entered from the ankle with a needle and a special dye (contrast agent) is injected that make the entire vein system visible. A tourniquet is applied to the ankle and groin, allowing the dye to fill the deep veins. With classical venography, all superficial and deep veins from the foot to the belly can be imaged, and it can be understood if these veins have partial or complete obstruction. In some cases, it may be necessary to visualize only the veins between the groin and the navel, not the entire leg. In this venography which is called iliac venography, contrast is given from the vein at the groin under ultrasound guidance. 

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Venography, which was the most commonly used method for examining the veins in the past, is rarely performed today due to the widespread use of color Doppler ultrasound. Classical venography however, may be used to clarify a suspicious appearance in deep veins on color Doppler ultrasound. Iliac venography may be used for both diagnosis and endovascular treatment with a balloon and stent, if an occlusion of the iliac vein is suspected.

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 Video: Why is Doppler ultrasound so important in varicose veins?